Yes, There Are Chemistry Jokes and They Are Funny

Indeed, There Are Chemistry Jokes and They Are Funny In all honesty, science is entertaining and scientific experts have an incredible comical inclination, and some even expertise to go through pick lines! Are generally my jokes unreasonably fundamental for you? Why would that be no reaction?My Chemistry educator tossed sodium chloride at me.... That is a salt!Little Willie was a scientific expert. Little Willie is no more. What he thought was H2O was H.Sulfur and oxygen were best buds. They lived a long way from one another, so with the goal for oxygen to visit with his buddy, he needed to utilize his sulfone!Want to hear a joke about nitrogen oxide? NO.Heisenberg and Schrodinger are driving not far off when a cop pulls them over. The cop asks Heisenberg, Do you realize how quick you were returning there? Heisenberg answers No, yet I can let you know precisely where I was. The cop starts to be dubious and continues to look through the vehicle. After opening the storage compartment he shouts, Hey, you have a dead feline back here, to which Schrodinger answers Well, presently I do! Thanks.Im coming up short on science jokes. All the great ones argon.Why did the scientific experts pants hold tumbling down? He had no acetol.9 sodium iotas stroll into a bar, trailed by batman.Old scientists never kick the bucket, they just neglect to respond as a scientific expert. The person close to me inquired as to whether I had any hypo bromide, I said NaBrO.What did the geek state when he bombed a test? Ytterbium.A proton and a neutron are strolling down the road. The proton says, Wait, I dropped an electron assist me with searching for it. The neutron says, Are you certain? The proton answers, Im positive.Random Person: Why do you respond viciously when we put you in H20? Science Cat: Because my race contains iron, lithium and neon FeLiNe origins.First man orders Id like H2O. The subsequent man orders Id like H2O as well. The second man died.The particle asks the electron,â why would you say you are little? The electron answers, since I have a low charge!This joke is sodium interesting... I slapped my neon that one.What do you call a tooth in a glass of water? A one molar solution!Here is a conversation starter: You should be copper and tellurium cause you sure are CuTe! He was a boron; he couldnt even adhere to the octet rule. He had a strong system however wasnt a precious stone. To a scientific expert just six states matter.A neutron strolled into a bar and approached how much for a beverage. The barkeep answered, for you, no charge. In the realm of synthetic compounds, a consistent fight seethes between the substance supervillains and the concoction super operators. The most regarded of these is one (OO)7, universal coloring specialist of puzzle. On one especially bristly strategic, winds up set in opposition to the underhanded virtuoso of legend, Dr. Nitrogen Monoxide, who has set a shrewd snare as a customary bit of white fabric. In the wake of falling through an astutely positioned mechanosensitive film protein, (OO)7 is stunned to get himself dousing into a firmly bound work of cotton strands. (He is, all things considered, a coloring operator.) In urgency, he calls to his enemy, Do you anticipate that me should talk, NO? The scalawag just laughs derangedly. No Mr. Color, I anticipate that you should bond.The honorable gases stroll into a bar. Nobody reacts.Wanted by the Law: Schrodingers Cat, Dead And/Or Alive

Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company Essay Example

Portraying Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company Essay An organization with low outfitting is one that is for the most part being supported or financed by share capital (value) and holds, while the one with a high equipping is for the most part subsidized by advance capital. Presently the inquiry to address is which of the two (value and obligation) is less expensive to the organization? The appropriate response is that cost of obligation is less expensive than cost of value. This is on the grounds that obligation is less hazardous than value and the assessment bit of leeway of obligation over value as examined underneath: Risk: obligation is less unsafe than value on the grounds that: the necessary return expected to remunerate the obligation financial specialists is not exactly the necessary return expected to remunerate the value speculators; †¢the installment of intrigue is frequently a fixed sum and mandatory in nature and it is paid in need to the installment of profits; †¢in the occasion of a liquidation, obligation hold ers would get their capital reimbursement before investors as they are higher in the bank chain of command (the request wherein loan bosses get reimbursed), as investors are paid out last. Corporate expense advantage: in the salary articulation, enthusiasm (on obligation) is deducted before the assessment is determined; in this manner, organizations get charge help on intrigue. Be that as it may, profits (on value) are deducted after the expense is determined; hence, organizations don't get any assessment help on profits. From the above conversation, we can see that obligation is less expensive than value when financing an organization. Be that as it may, there are ramifications of tightening high equipping as opposed to low outfitting. Watzon and Head (2007) depicted the accompanying as ramifications of high equipping: Increased instability of value restores: the higher a company’s level of outfitting, the more touchy its gainfulness and income are to changes in loan costs. The company’s benefit and distributable profit will be in danger from increments in the financing cost. This hazard will be borne by investors as the organization may need to diminish profit installments so as to meet its advantage installment as they fall due. This sort of hazard is alluded to as money related hazard. The more obligation the organization has in its capital structure, the higher will be its money related hazard. Expanded chance of chapter 11: at exceptionally significant levels of outfitting, investors will begin to confront liquidation hazard. We will compose a custom exposition test on Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on Describing Gearing and Its Importance in Capital Structure of a Company explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer This is characterized as the danger of an organization neglecting to meet its advantage installments duty and subsequently placing the organization into liquidation. This is on the grounds that intrigue installment may get impractical if benefits diminishing or intrigue installments on factor rate obligation increment. Decreased believability on the stock trade: at an exceptionally elevated level of outfitting, financial specialists will be hesitant to purchase the company’s shares or to offer further obligation. The support of short-termist conduct: so as to forestall insolvency, supervisors may concentrate on the momentary need to meet intrigue installment as opposed to long haul goal of riches amplification. Impacts of capital outfitting upon WACC, organization worth and investor riches The capital structure of an organization alludes to the blend of value and obligation fund utilized by the organization to back its advantages. A few organizations could be all-value financed and have no obligation by any means, while others could have low degrees of value and significant levels of obligation. The choice on what blend of value and obligation funding to have is known as the financing choice. The financing choice directly affects the weighted normal expense of capital (WACC). The weighted-normal expense of capital (WACC) speaks to the general expense of capital for an organization, consolidating the expenses of value, obligation and inclination share capital, weighted by the extent of each wellspring of account inside the business (Cornelius, 2002). The weightings are in relation to the market estimations of value and obligation; thusly, as the extents of value and obligation shift so will the WACC. Hence the main significant point to comprehend is that, as an organization changes its capital structure (I. . fluctuates the blend of value and obligation fund), it will naturally bring about an adjustment in its WACC. Note that the financing choice (I. e. adjusting the capital structure) influences the general goal of amplifying investor riches. This depends on the ground that riches is the current estimation of future incomes limited at the investor’s required return. The market estimation of an organization is equivalent to the current estimation of its future incomes limited by its WACC. It is basic to take note of that the lower the WACC, the higher the market estimation of the organization, and the other way around. Along these lines, an adjustment in the capital structure to bring down the WACC would then be able to expand the market estimation of the organization and in this manner increment investor riches. Thus, the quest for ideal capital structure turns into the quest for the least WACC, on the grounds that when the WACC is limited, the estimation of the organization and investor riches is amplified. Subsequently, it is the duty of fund administrators to locate the ideal capital structure that will result in the most minimal WACC.

Wolverine

Wolverine DID YOU KNOW? Wolverine is from CANADA. Okay, first of all, who would win in a fight: James Bond or Wolverine? Im sitting in lab right now typing thisthe computers, the oven, the HPLC pumps That was how I started this entry three days ago but sometime betwee now and then I got waylaid. I forget where I was going with that, but I think it was something about how they were all humming with electricity or making some repeated pumping noise somehow, and I was only just at that moment aware of all the different sounds in the laboratory at any given time. Kind of like how people who live by waterfalls dont hear the water. Except at MIT, its a waterfall of knowledge. As I said last entry, I won best apple-tizer at Burton-Conners annual apple bake competition with Ina Gartens recipe for apple butternut squash soup. Let me tell you, the next time you make this soup, its gonna blow your mind. Seriously. This is the best recipe for soup I have ever tasted in my short life. Ignore the four-star ratings on the websitethe people who posted that are clearly stupid. I just made a few small alterationsI didnt have any curry powder, so I used a little cumin, cinammon, nutmeg and dried hot pepper (trust me, I made it work). Then I added vegetable broth instead of water to the onion mixture. And then I served it with a little sour cream on top. It brought me closer to God. Thanks, Ina. In an interesting bit of synchronicity, I was jogging in the Z-Center on Wednesday and Ina Garten was on one of the 8 TVs there showing me how to make the soup. She served it with salty croutons, which I bet was also pretty good. Ive actually come around to jogging more in the early evenings because some benevolent personal trainer always seems to put on Food Network and Rachael Ray is actually pretty appetizing to watch when you dont have to listen to her talk. BUT YOU JUST WANT ADVICE ON HOW TO WRITE A WINNING EARLY ACTION APPLICATION; WHO CARES ABOUT SQUASH SOUP RECIPES?! Well, uh, I cant help you there, but I can post some stereotypically MIT photos: In order for me to properly my apples creme brulee, it was necessary for me to sneak into my UROP lab after hours and steel an industrial strength heat gun capable of outputting a steady stream of 1100 C air. Basically, its like a hair dryer, except it could kill you. With that in mind, it was necessary to use protection so I put on a pair of lab goggles. Meanwhile, Ruth 07 makes non-kosher hamentaschen, and Laura 09 lays down some plans for an apple Rube Goldberg device that will no doubt materialize next year. Or else. Only at MIT does baking apples involve a hammer, a cinderblock, rock climbing equipment, and an industrial-strength heat gun. In another interesting coincidence, last night, three days after titling this entry Wolverine, I watched X2 instead of doing my 6.003 pset. Since I have the class on junior-senior P/D/F, watching Hugh Jackman really seemed more important to me. I then fell asleep during my pset, woke up for no reason at 6 AM, and finished the rest of it in under an hour before deciding to go back to sleep. But I digress. Did you notice that Cyclops is kind of a total tool in X2? I really liked it when Jean Grey vaporized him in X3. That was awesome. Also, I like how at the end Professor X goes to the president and is all, Mutants arent harmful, we can live among you in peace when just two days before he almost killed everyone in the entire world just by thinking about it. I mean, seriously. That was kind of a random entry, huh?

Computer Is A For Home Education Essay - 1543 Words

The word computer brings to mind the machines we have at home, that we use every day in one way or form. In reality the term computer is a large umbrella that covers a myriad of machines. Microcomputers: â€Å"The term microcomputer is generally synonymous with personal computer (PC), or a computer that depends on a microprocessor. Microcomputers are designed to be used by individuals, whether in the form of PCs, workstations or notebook computers. A microcomputer contains a central processing unit (CPU) on a microchip (the microprocessor), a memory system (typically read-only memory and random access memory), a bus system and I/O ports, typically housed in a motherboard.† (Beal) Personal As personal computers have become more affordable and easier to obtain for the general public, the microcomputer has been the hub for home education, entertainment, productivity and many other uses. In addition to the usual microcomputers that sit at desk tops, microcomputing has become more usable throughout the home with laptops, games consoles and computerised electronics such as the smart TV. As computers continue to shrink, microcomputers are being used in increasingly more mundane equipment, such as fridges, washing machines and more. Business â€Å"Not long ago, mission-critical systems all ran on mainframe technology, massive computers usually taking whole super cooled rooms. With the advent of the PC, local area networks (LAN) and related technologies, many business applications movedShow MoreRelatedEssay on Technology and Individualization in Education1059 Words   |  5 PagesIndividualization in Education Technology is a major influential factor in the progression of education. Technology has allowed for many positive advances in education, allowing for more efficient, more individualized learning. The introduction of computers in education has provided countless benefits to students, and enhanced learning greatly. Students now have a much broader wealth of information in which they can get knowledge from, and more specialized learning. Education will continue toRead MoreThe Importance of Computer in Education1018 Words   |  5 PagesImportance of Computer knowledge in Education Computer technology has had a deep impact on the education sector. Thanks to computers, imparting education has become easier and much more interesting than before. Owing to memory capacities of computers, large chunks of data can be stored in them. They enable quick processing of data with very less or no chances of errors in processing. Networked computers aid quick communication and enable web access. Storing documents on computers in the form ofRead MoreThe Importance of Computer in Education1011 Words   |  5 PagesImportance of Computer knowledge in Education Computer technology has had a deep impact on the education sector. Thanks to computers, imparting education has become easier and much more interesting than before. Owing to memory capacities of computers, large chunks of data can be stored in them. They enable quick processing of data with very less or no chances of errors in processing. Networked computers aid quick communication and enable web access. Storing documents on computers in the form ofRead MoreEssay on Incorporation of Technology into Modern Education984 Words   |  4 PagesModern Education Education has long been a part of our society. In order to keep society progressing forward, education must also progress forward. Part of this forward progression is the incorporation of technology into modern education. Technology has always been in schools. The development of things like the overhead projector, typewriter, and blackboards have all played key roles in education. However, the pinnacle of technological advances has been the introduction of the computer intoRead Moreâ€Å"The Computer CanT Tell You The Emotional Story. It Can1670 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"The computer can t tell you the emotional story. It can give you the exact mathematical design, but what s missing is the eyebrows† - Frank Zappa THE GOOD, THE BAD, AND EVERYTHING IN BETWEEN: COMPUTERS USE Computers have an uncanny way of making our lives easier but at what expense? Computer use in the homes and schools of secondary education students is dwindling their success with testing and class participation. The computer usage in schools is increasing every year whether it be from theRead MoreTechnology Has Changed The Way We Learn Essay1559 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology has indeed changed the way we learn. I was observing some kids doing their school work and I noticed that all of them had computers, laptops, tablets, or another kind of technology device with them. It made me think back on my elementary, middle, and high school days. I remember growing up without as much technology available as today, so most of the papers were hand written, I had to spend days at the library looking for the right sources, reading newspaper, magazines and books to findRead MoreComputers, Wifi And Tablets1718 Words   |  7 PagesPriscila Ibarra Stone Period 6 18 March 2016 Executive Summary Computers, wifi and tablets have resulted in student success while in school. â€Å"Wi-Fi has become a universal expectation among students, and their attitudes towards technology are a good indicator of broad changes underway in how we as a society learn, work and communicate,† said Edgar Figueroa, executive director of the Wi-Fi Alliance, the global trade organization representing the Wi-Fi industry. Nearly 75% of US college students believeRead MoreA Career as a Computer Programmer Essay1093 Words   |  5 Pages Becoming a computer programmer would be great because there are many options in this career by having the ability to produce an operating system, or a game for the world. Computer programmers have many opportunities in life to find a job they would love. Programmers can work independently, or in a big company. Programmers have and are creating the future for computers. Computer programmers have a wide range on what they can do. Computer programmers write the detailed list of instructionsRead MoreBenefits Of Distance Education1704 Words   |  7 Pagesfriendships and study groups. While distance education may lower the possibility of forming new friendships, it does eliminate the distractions often found in classrooms. Classroom distractions can cause stress and lack of focus, neither of which are beneficial. Through online learning, those distractions are removed. Distractions such as those may not be avoidable for all, though. For those who do not have computer or internet access, distance education is not an option. Although it may not be availableRead MoreDefinition Of Digital Divide Definition Essay1309 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstand how to use those modern technology devices even if they have got them for free. Computer devices can be too complicated to understand for some people. Furthermore, low literacy rate is also a problem. Literacy is vital for self-learning or Internet usage. There are few websites that use language which can be comprehended by low-literacy users. According to U.S. Department of Education, National Institute of Literacy research which conducted on 2016, August 22, there are 14% of U.S

Essay about Alfred Wegener and the Continental Drift

Alfred Wegener was a meteorologist and astronomer. He was the first scientist to introduce the theory of the continental drift. Wegener theorized that at one time the continents were one large landmass or Pangaea that had drifted apart. His ideas were initially rejected by other scientists. It was not until long after Wegener’s death that proof was obtained and his theory verified. The Life of Alfred Wegener Alfred was born in Germany in 1880 and led a very busy life. He received a PhD in astronomy but quickly moved on to meteorology. He and his brother experimented with kites and balloons. They set a record flying a balloon during his first expedition to Greenland in 1906 (PBS, 1998, para. 2). Alfred taught meteorology and†¦show more content†¦Wegener’s theory was met with much controversy by other scientists. The fact that he was primarily a meteorologist and astronomer rather than a geologist further discounted his theory. Wegener provided numerous explanations and documentation in support of his continental drift theory. He provided two fossils as evidence. Glossopteris because it had been found on several continents that were widely separated. Glossopteris, also known as a seed fern fossil, was too large to be transported by the wind. The other was Mesosaurus which was a small aquatic freshwater reptile (Lutgens Tarbuck, 2014, p. 154). Other scientists believed this was possible because land bridges had once existed or explained it away as drafting. Wegener most likely did not offer fossil sharks or jellyfish as evidence due to the fact that these fish inhabit all major oceans on the planet. He also used an Austrian geologist’s theory that the continental crust, sial, was lighter than sima and the sial layer could move across the ocean floor (Healey, 2006, para. 15). Wegener further stated that the tides could cause the continents to move and later came to the conclusion that magma could also be responsible for the movement. Wegener made two more journeys to Greenland to conduct meteorological and geophysical studies. His final trek in 1930 included the examination of the glacial sheets to provide further evidence regardingShow MoreRelatedContinental Drift Theory: Alfred Wegener550 Words   |  2 Pages Alfred Wegener gave many facts that help prove his Continental Drift theory. Wegener’s supporting facts include fossil evidence, land features, climate evidence, and sea floor spreading. In the beginning of Wegener’s research to prove his Continental Drift theory, he found clues from fossil evidence from millions of years ago. Different animals, such as the Cynognathus, Lystrasaurus, and Mesosaurus gave proof that the continents have moved. The Cynognathus was a land animal, whose fossils whereRead MoreAlfred Wegener: Theory of Continental Drift964 Words   |  4 PagesGerman meteorologist Alfred Wegener wasnt the first to perceive similitude’s right around the landmasses that recommended the landmasses may have once been associated. He began with, be that as it may, to assemble brainstorms and confirmation into an obvious theory, which he transformed into a treatise entitled The Framing of the Major Emphasizes of the Earths outside layer (Landmasses and Seas). In 1912, at experience 32, Wegener should have appeared a bald-faced upstart to the regarded partsRead MoreThe Current Shape Of Earths Landmasses Was First Proposed By Abraham Ortelius1699 Wor ds   |  7 PagesQuestion 1 The idea of Continental Drift to explain the current shape of Earths landmasses was first proposed by Abraham Ortelius in 1596. He proposed the idea to highlight the geometrical coincidences between America and Europe-Africa. In his work Thesaurus Geographicus he suggested that the Americas were â€Å"torn away from Europe and Africa†¦by earthquakes and floods†, and that â€Å"the vestiges of rupture reveal themselves, if someone brings forward a map of the world and considers carefully the coastsRead MoreContinental Drift Essay682 Words   |  3 PagesContinental Drift Were the continents of this planet always situated the way they are today? Could there have been one supercontinent that over time broke off into the continents we know now? Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines Pangaea as a hypothetical land area believed to have once connected the landmasses of the southern hemisphere with those of the northern hemisphere (Definition of Pangaea). This theory, discovered by Alfred Wegener, was known as the drift theory. Wegener used the fit of theRead MoreThe Theory That Earth s Outer Shell881 Words   |  4 Pagesdeveloped in the 1950’s through the 1970’s. The origins of this theory comes from the continental drift theory, which was introduced in 1912 by German scientist Alfred Wegener. Alfred Wegener was born on November 1, 1880 in Berlin, Germany. Wegner’s father was a classical languages teacher and pastor. Wegener did really well and school and it was clear that he would go on and continue his education at an university. Wegener attended Humboldt University of Berlin in 1899. He studied and then eventuallyRead MorePlate Tectonics: Theoretical Aspects and the Geological History of North America860 Words   |  3 Pageson Plate Tectonics, which help understand how Earth is built and its internal functioning mechanisms. Central to this theory is the fact that Earths surface is made up of several large tectonic plates and a few smaller ones, which can be either continental or oceanic, and do not necessarily have the same boundaries as the continents or oceans. These plates shift over long periods of time, movements caused by a force resulted from the planets internal heat energy convecting mantle. There are threeRead MoreScience Is All About Discovery, And Learning Why Things Happen Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscovering information that will change how people view the Earth. One of the most important discoveries is how our continents were once together and how they divided. One of the earliest theories of how our continents were divided came from scientist Alfred Wegener in 1915. His theory suggested that the world had at one time been a single continent for most of geologic time (Pangea), but eventually, the continents separated and drifted away from each other. His theory was based on the hypothesis thatRead MoreUsing Paleomagnetic Data For The World s Landmasses Of The Late Triassic Early Jurassic1389 Words   |  6 PagesTriassic-Early Jurassic. This concept of a supercontinent was originally proposed by Alfred Wegener (Wegener, 1915). He suggested that all continents assembled into a single supercontinent, approximately 300 million years ago, and then according to the theory of plate tectonics, began to break apart 175 million years ago (Rogers et al., 2004) Immense geologic and geophysical evidence have been presented, by Wegener and others, to support this theory for the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic. However whenRead MoreEffects on Motion and Plate Techtonics Essay examples776 Words   |  4 PagesHoboken, NJ: Wiley. Copyright 2009 by Wiley. Adapted with permission. Part 1 This diagram was similar to one Alfred Wegener drew to show the distribution of continents 300 million years ago. His theory of continental drift was met with skepticism in the scientific community. 1. Describe three forms of evidence Wegener used to support his ideas of continental drift. †¢ Continental Margins (Visually land masses fit together like a puzzle) †¢ Rock layers (similarity on the coast lines as wellRead MoreThe Discovery Of Alfred Wegener1075 Words   |  5 PagesDid you ever wonder who discovered that the continents used to fit together as a super continent, known as Pangea? His name was Alfred Wegener. His discovery made him famous in the science world. Alfred Wegener was born on November 1, 1880. When he was young, he was believed to be very smart. Wegener received conventional education, which led him to attend grammar school in Berlin. There’s not that much known about his childhood, just that he was born and raised in Berlin, Germany. At 18,

Reading Philosophies Free Essays

string(42) " is that many students become frustrated\." Reading Philosophies Katy J. Kaldenberg Grand Canyon University: EED-470 Curriculum, Methods and Assessment: Literacy and Language Arts K-3 Monday, March 11, 2013 Reading Philosophies Chart Reading Philosophy| Brief Description| Reading Activities| Reading Assessments| Constructivist Reading Instruction| Constructivists view the student as an active participant in the learning process who constructs a personal meaning from each experience (Ying-Tien Chin-Chung, 2005). One Constructivist reading activity for teaching a student a new word is that the student is taught to use picture cues to learn to read (Ying-Tien, Chin-Chung, 2005). We will write a custom essay sample on Reading Philosophies or any similar topic only for you Order Now For example, if the student cannot read a word, he or she is taught to look at the picture then go back and to the word and guess the meaning. Another activity for constructivist reading instruction would be that the teacher would have students work in small groups to discuss a book that was read to the class. The small groups of students may then also create their own story. Constructivist reading assessments would include the teacher collecting daily performance samples of work, observing and recording student’s behavior, audio and videotaping students in different situations, and building a portfolio filled with information about each student (Ying-Tien Chin-Chung, 2005). The evaluation process is for the teacher, parent, and child. Conferences can also be held to discuss progress. | Explicit Reading Instruction| Explicit reading instruction is teacher directed (Goeke, 2009). The teacher uses explanation and demonstration to teach specific reading skills and strategies (Goeke, 2009). The teacher also provides corrective feedback to his or her students as the students attempt to apply the new knowledge (Goeke, 2009). | An example of explicit reading instruction would be that the teacher would state the sound and spelling of a specific letter-sound correspondence and then demonstrate by modeling how to read words that include that feature to the class (Taylor, Peterson, Pearson, Rodriguez, 2002). The students then would practice but only after the teacher has modeled the process first. A second example of explicit reading instruction would be to teach decoding to students that have deficits in word reading. A third example of explicit reading instruction would be having students use the mnemonic DISSECT (Discover the context, Isolate the prefix, Separate the suffix, Say the stem, Examine the stem, Check with someone, and Try the dictionary) to read unknown words (Adams Engelmann, 1996). The teacher would teach each strategy step explicitly (Adams Engelmann, 1996). An important part of explicit reading instruction is that the teacher always describes the strategy, provides the rationale for its use, and states how and when to implement a strategy explicitly to the students and the instruction is always implemented systematically (Adams Engelmann, 1996). | Explicit reading assessments would include having student answer multiple-choice questions about selected text passage; decoding assessments can also be given (Taylor, Peterson, Pearson, Rodriguez, 2002). One example of a decoding assessment would be that the student is given isolated words one at a time, and the student is asked to say the word aloud. The words selected for a decoding assessment should be words that are within the student’s spoken vocabulary, and should contain a mix of phonetically regular and phonetically irregular words (Goeke, 2009). Another type of assessment is that of standardized tests such as the Diagnostic Assessments of Reading (DAR) and the Florida Assessments for Instruction in Reading (FAIR). | Reading Philosophies Summary The educational realm is not free from disputes. Disputes on reading instructional practices have been ongoing for more than half a century. On one side of this debate is composed of those who believe that students learn best when they are able to discover and construct the essential information for themselves. This type of instruction is often called student-centered or constructivist instruction (Confrey, 1990). On the opposite side of this debate are those who believe that students only thrive when full, explicit instruction is given and student should not have to discover essential content (Goeke, 2009). This type of instruction is often referred to as direct or explicit instruction (Goeke, 2009). When speaking about reading instruction, this debate has often been coined as the â€Å"reading wars†. Constructivist Reading Instruction is derived from the theory of constructivism. One could assume that constructivism is derived from Piaget’s own reference to his views as being a â€Å"constructivist† or possible from Bruner’s description of learning discovery as â€Å"constructionist† (Gruber Voheche, 1977). Some other terms that have been used to reference a constructivist way of learning include generative learning, situated learning, authentic learning, and educational semiotic (Wittrock, 1985; Cunningham, 1992). Constructivists believe that all learning should be student centered. They think that knowledge is obtained only during a meaning-making search where the student is involved in the process of constructing their own interpretations of their experiences. Constructivist generally agree that students much construct their own learning, all new learning is dependent on the student’s existing understanding, social interaction plays a critical role in learning, and authentic learning tasks are necessary for learning to be meaningful (Bruning, Schraw, Ronning, 1995; Pressley, Harris, Marks, 1992). According to constructivists, in order for a student to construct new meaning he or she needs to make every effort to make sense of all new experiences and then must relate those to experiences to what is already known (Confrey, 1990). Constructivists also claim that a catalyst for acquiring knowledge is dialogue and social interaction facilitates understanding (Brown, 1994). Constructivist teachers aim to provide cooperative learning tasks and peer tutoring for their students. Constructivist teacher often believe that students learn faster when they are actively involved in dialog with their peers about significant problems (Brooks Brooks, 1993). The constructivist classroom would be filled with students roaming about the classroom obtaining supplies, conferring with peers or the teacher, and working on self-directed projects (Brooks Brooks, 1993). Constructivist teachers pride themselves in asking big questions, providing time for student to think and explore to find answers (Brooks Brooks, 1993). In an actual classroom, there are many flaws involved in practicing constructivist instruction. The first major problem is that often only the brightest students make the discovery that is needed (Pace, 2011). Another issue is that many students become frustrated. You read "Reading Philosophies" in category "Papers" This frustration many cause some students to disengage and other students may simply copy whatever their peers are doing regardless in either case the students never actually discover anything (Pace, 2011). A third issue is that some students may believe they have made a discovery but in fact, they have only learned a misconception (Pace, 2011). These misconceptions can then interfere with future learning and problem solving (Pace, 2011). Studies have shown that once a student has believed one of these misconceptions that even after they have been show the correct answer they are still likely to recall the original discovery and not the correction (Pace, 2011). Along with the above four issues studies have shown that constructivist instruction can result in an increase in achievement gap (Pace, 2011). Decades of research has validated that explicit instruction is much more effective for reading instruction when compared to constructivist reading instruction. Kirschner, Sweller, and Clark (2006) states, â€Å"After a half-century of advocacy associated with instruction using minimal guidance, it appears that there is no body of research supporting the technique. In so far as there is any evidence from controlled studies, it almost uniformly supports direct, strong instructional guidance rather than constructivist-based minimal guidance. Kirschner, Sweller, and Clark (2006) also reports, â€Å"†¦ Not only is unguided instruction normally less effective; there is also evidence that it may have negative results when students acquire misconceptions or incomplete or disorganized knowledge. † Research has shown that when teaching new skills and content to students, providing explicit instructions accompanied with practice and feedback is more effective than requiring student s to discover many aspects of what they are to learn (Hall, 2002). Explicit instruction is teacher directed. The teacher provides the students with a full explanation of the new skill or concept that the student is required to learn (Hall, 2002). The teacher also uses a variety of accommodations such as lecturing, modeling, videos and other media, and demonstration to provide the students with proper guidance (Hall, 2002). Students need to be explicitly shown what to do and how to do something first and then they need to be given the opportunity to practice doing it while they receive corrective feedback from the teacher (Hall, 2002). Extensive research supports explicit instruction’s success as an evidence-based practice. Adams and Engelmann (1996) found thirty-seven research publications validating the effectiveness of explicit instruction. These research publications all reported that explicit instruction had a significant outcome on reading instruction. Research also found explicit instruction to be as valuable for typical students, as for students with disabilities. The National Follow-Through Project studied multiple models of instruction to determine the most effective instructional models for students who were economically disadvantaged (Rosenshine, 1995; Taylor, Peterson, Pearson, Rodriguez, 2002). The results concluded that children who received explicit instruction in literacy and mathematics scored above those taught with other approaches. An additional result was increased self-esteem due to success in school (Rosenshine, 1995; Taylor, Peterson, Pearson, Rodriguez, 2002). The National Follow-Through Project belonged to a group of studies on teacher effectiveness, which determined that explicit instruction effectively taught students what they needed to learn (Rosenshine, 1995; Taylor, Peterson, Pearson, Rodriguez, 2002). Baumann and Duffy (2001) reported on five years of research that showed that reading skills and strategies are most effectively taught with systematic and explicit instruction. In conclusion, explicit instruction is vital for initial instruction in skill acquisition (Goodman, Goodman, Hood, 1989). This is especially the case for struggling readers, who often require intense support to acquire reading skills (Goodman, Goodman, Hood, 1989). Beginning reading instruction should emphasize explicit instruction, particularly for phonics instruction (Goodman, Goodman, Hood, 1989). Constructivist instruction is important when generalizing skills to other contexts (Goodman, Goodman, Hood, 1989). It can also be used when children explore children’s literature. Story structure can be taught with constructivist instruction and may be more meaningful to children than teaching it explicitly (Goodman, Goodman, Hood, 1989). The Whole Language Movement is built upon Constructivist principles (Goodman, Goodman, Hood, 1989). References Adams, G. and Engelmann, S. (1996). Research on Direct Instruction: 25 years beyond DISTAR. Seattle, WA: Educational Achievement Systems. Brooks, J. G. Brooks, M. G. (1994). In search of understanding: The case for constructivist classrooms. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Brown, A. L. (1994). The advancement of learning. Educational Researcher 23: 4-12. Bruning, R. H. , Schraw, G. J. Ronning, R. R (1995). Cognitive psychology and instruction, 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Baumann, J. F. , Duffy, A. M. (2001). Teacher-research methodology: Themes, variations, and possibilities. The Reading Teacher, 54, 608-615. Confrey, J. (1990). What constructivism implies for teaching. In R. B. Davis, C. A. Maher N. Noddings (Eds. ), Constructivist views of the teaching and learning of mathematics (Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, Monograph No. 4, pp. 107-122). Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Cunningham, D. J. (1992). Beyond educational psychology: Steps toward an educational semiotic. Educational Psychology Review 4: 165-194. Goeke J. L. (2009). Explicit instruction: Strategies for meaningful direct teaching. Boston: Merrill/Pearson. Goodman, K. , Goodman, Y. Hood, W. (1989). The whole language evaluation book. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Hall, T. (2002). Explicit instruction. Wakefield, MA: National Center on Accessing the General Curriculum. Retrieved Wednesday, March 13, 2013 from http://aim. cast. org/learn/historyarchive/backgroundpapers/explicit_instruction. Kirschner, P. A. , Sweller, J. , Clark, R. (2006). Why minimal guidance during instruction does not work: An analysis of the failure of constructivist, discovery, problem-based, experiential and inquiry-based teaching. Educational Psychologist, 41, 75–86 Pace, D. (2011). Best practice: The use of explicit instruction and culturally responsive teaching. Insights on Learning Disabilities, 8(2), 5-14. Pressley, M. , Harris, K. R. , Marks, M. B. (1992). But good strategy instructors are constructivists! Educational Psychology Review 4: 3-31. Rosenshine, B. (1995). Advances in research on instruction. Journal of Educational Research, 88, 262–268. Stanovich, K. E. (1994). Constructivism in reading education. Journal of Special Education, 28(3), 259. Taylor, B. M. , Peterson, D. S. , Pearson, P. D. , Rodriguez, M. C. (2002). Looking inside classrooms: Reflecting on the â€Å"how† as well as the â€Å"what† in effective reading instruction. The Reading Teacher, 56, 270–279. Wittrock, W. C. (1985). The generative learning model and its implications for science education. Studies in Science Education 12: 59-87. Ying-Tien, W. , Chin-Chung, T. (2005). Effects of constructivist-oriented instruction on How to cite Reading Philosophies, Papers

New Product Management

Question: Discuss about the New Product Management. Answer: Brief description about the organization: Increasing complexity of the business environment and changing preferences of the customers has induced organizations to look for developing new products. It has been evaluated that proper introduction of new products can actually provide new dimension through which businesses is conducted in the market. New product development not only allows organizations to retain existing customers for long time but also help to capture new customers as well. However, development of new product requires relatively higher investment from the organizations that increases the risk level associated with the business as well. In this report, the focus would be on the new product development process of Natural Fruits Drinks Pte Ltd (NFD). The focus organization was established in 1988, with the objective of providing superior quality of drinks in Singapore market (drinkeveryday.com 2017). Over the years, it has focused on increasing the product diversification for grabbing the major share of the Singa pore market. The existing product range of NFD includes concentrated juices, cordials or syrup, soy powder and other type of fruit juices. NFD also provides white coffee is the Singapore market for enhancing the sales volume in a major way. In case of white coffee, NFD has transformed white coffee into three in one packaging for providing unique taste and preferences to the customers. Moreover, NFD has also tried to utilize innovative and aggressive marketing strategies for grabbing the major share of the market. The report will try to assess the best possible new products for the organizations for enhancing the sales volume even further. Justification of the selected potential market opportunity: As illustrated by Raassens, Wuyts and Geyskens (2012) it is important to examine the market potential in an in-depth manner for creating desired impact on the sales volume. It has been examined that proper understanding of market potential will allow organizations to select target market in an appropriate way. Now, NFD primarily serves different types of fruit and other drinks to the Singapore people. Therefore, most likely management of NFD has clear cut information about the taste and preference level of the organization. Over the past few years, the revenue generated from selling fruit drinks have increased in a significant manner for NFD. It has encouraged the organization to provide more diversification in the current product range for enhancing the sales volume in an effective manner (Poetz and Schreier 2012). The current market trend has highlighted the fact that people in Singapore are becoming very health conscious over the years. Therefore, it has increased the market for a ll health and fitness related products in Singapore. Thus, it is reflecting a greater share of the market for NFD to increase the sales volume in an appropriate way (Aarikka-Stenroos and Sandberg 2012). For that reason, NFD will have to focus on capitalizing the health awareness of the people to enhance the sales volume in an effective way. Moreover, NFD will also have to focus on establishing its presence in the countries like Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand market for increasing the sales revenue level in an effective way. As per the article by Yan and Dooley (2014) international business expansion is critical for achieving consistent growth in this competitive market. It has been assessed that international expansion will allow NFD to emerge as one of the most popular brands in providing fruit and other drink products. Hence, it will help to fulfill all the business objectives in an effective manner. Now, NFD has already established its presence in the Malaysia and Indonesia market. For that reason, it will not have to face too much difficulty at the time of introducing new products in these markets. NFD does not have presence in the Thailand market as of now but continues economic growth and per capita income has induced NFD to create strategy for grabbing major share of the Thailand market (Acur, Kandemir and Boer 2012). It has highlighted the fact that NFD has focused on capturing major share of both national and international market for enhance the sales volume in an effective manner. Two new product concepts and the process through which it connected to the selected potential market opportunity: In order to expand in Singapore and International market, NFD is looking to provide more innovative product to the market. Now, it has been examined that people in all across the globe are becoming more health conscious (Chen, Reilly and Lynn 2012). Therefore, majority of the people are spending comparatively larger amount to keep fitness at the desired level. People are also engaging themselves in yoga, cardio and other activities. For that reason, it will be wise for NFD to capitalize this increasing awareness of the people for the business expansion perspective. Therefore, it will wiser for NFD to launch health drink segment for providing extra benefit to the people in keeping their health at the optimum level. As per the article by Haeussler, Patzelt and Zahra (2012) health drinks can be extremely helpful for the people to keep their health at the desired level. Now, health drink is obviously not in the similar segment products that NFD is used to sell in the market. For that rea son, it will have to conduct in-depth market research for covering all aspect of the market in an appropriate manner. In order to enter into the health drink sector, it will be wiser for NFD to target a greater potential market for maximizing the sales volume effectively. Thus, NFD will have to target people from all age and income group in order ensure maximum revenue from the market. Moreover, it will also have to assess the needs and wants of the people living in Thailand and Malaysia for keeping the health at the optimum order (Smals and Smits 2012). For that reason, NFD is looking to develop health drink with chocolate flavor so that it can attract kids and teenagers as well. Thus, chocolate flavored health drink product actually has the potential to grab major share of the market. Moreover, it has been assessed that around 33% of the total population in selected three countries is less than 35 years of age (Thrassou et al. 2012). Thus, it will allow NFD to target larger potential market in an effective manner. On the other hand, extending the fruit juice range even further is also another probable option for NFD for creating desired level of impact in domestic and international market. Therefore, it can look to introduce mix-flavored fruit juice, as it will allow customers to taste something new. Yang (2012) has illustrated the fact that effective use of new and innovative products can allow organizations to enhance the sales volume in a major way. For that reason, it will be wise for NFD to introduce fruit juice with mix flavor including pineapple, grapes and watermelon for fulfilling all the business goals and objectives in an appropriate manner. It can be expected that increasing awareness and knowledge of the people will allow the understanding the significance of consuming fruits on regular basis. However, heavy work schedule and other complexities often does not allow people living in Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia market to consume required amount of fruits on regular basis (Thoma s 2013). Therefore, mixed flavor fruit juice can provide opportunity to the people in fulfilling all the requirements in an appropriate manner. Now, mixed flavored fruit juice is the conventional expansion of the product for NFD. Therefore, it is expected that management of NFD will posses clear idea about the kind of impact it can create on the market. For that reason, it will allow NFD to initiate effective marketing and promotional strategies for grabbing the major section of the targeted market. Increasing product diversity in the fruit juice department will also reduce the risk level associated with the organization in an effective manner (Felekoglu and Moultrie 2014). It will eventually help NFD to achieve sustainable growth in the potential targeted market. Thus, both the new product has the potential to create positive impact on the business level of the organization. Evaluation of two new product concepts and selection of one concept for the next stage: As per the article by Filieri (2013) organizations need to go through systematic procedure for identifying the best new product for maximizing the profit level in a major way. Firstly, NFD will have to focus on conducting market survey in Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia market to understand the kind of taste and preferences people are looking to avail. In this survey process, NFD will have to understand the excitement level of customers from different income and age group. As mentioned earlier, NFD is looking to initiate chocolate flavor health drink for inducing people from all age group to consume the product. Therefore, it will also have to collect responses from all age group regarding the perception about new product. It is expected that chocolate flavor will increase the popularity of the health drink among the children in the targeted market (Cankurtaran, Langerak and Griffin 2013). Therefore, it will help to increase the revenue level in a major way. On the other hand, intro duction of mixed flavor fruit juice will only allow targeting current customers of the organization. For that reason, introduction of fruit juice is not likely to increase the potential market share of the organization. From this perspective, it can be mentioned that introduction of chocolate flavor health drink will allow to increase the market share of the organization in a major way. However, in order to introduce chocolate flavor health drink successfully in the targeted market, NFD will have to invest massive amount for fulfilling all the responsibilities in an effective manner. For instance, NFD will have to invest good amount on RD or new product development department for fulfilling the needs and wants of the customers. Moreover, introduction of chocolate flavored health drink product will also induce NFD to distinct marketing strategies for positioning the brand uniquely in the targeted market. For instance, it will have to focus on utilizing all popular marketing tools like social media, website, newspaper, magazine, television, radio and direct marketing activities for providing required information to the potential targeted customers (Song, Ming and Xu 2013). Hence, NFD will also have to invest massive amount on the marketing and promotional activities for creating awareness among the potential customers, which will increase the overall cost related to t he operational process in a major way. Thus, it will have to take greater risks from the market at the time of introducing chocolate flavored health drink (Jrgens 2013). On the other hand, introduction of mixed flavored fruit juice will not require aggressive marketing strategies to reposition the brand in the targeted market. Therefore, introduction of mix flavored fruit juice will minimize the risk level associated with the business in an effective manner. Still, NFD will look to introduce chocolate flavored health drink, as it can allow the organization to penetrate in the untouched market (Drechsler, Natter and Leeflang 2013). Thus, it will provide higher business opportunity for the organization, which is among the prime goal of the NFD. Moreover, NFD will also look to introduce chocolate flavor health drink, as it is a relatively new concept in the market. For that reason, NFD will not have to face too much competition from the many competitors at the time of establishing business in the targeted market. As emphasized by the Patanakul, Chen and Lynn (2012) introducing product in the intense competitive market is much tougher compared to introducing product in relatively less competitive market. Therefore, it will allow NFD to handle initial fluctuations in an effective manner. It will also help to develop strong brand name that will help to counter different types of future challenges associated with introduction of new products in domestic and international market in an appropriate manner. Recommendations: The above illustration has highlighted the fact that both the new product has the potential to create positive impact on the business level of NFD. Still, NFD will have to choose chocolate flavor health drink, as it will allow organization to target complete new set of customers. However, in order to maximize the utility of new product, NFD will have to follow the following recommended strategies: Proper understanding of the customer needs in different countries: As NFD is looking to introduce chocolate flavor health drink in Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia market, it is recommended to identify all the differences in taste and preference level in a major way. For that reason, NFD will have to focus on assessing cultural, behavioral and ethical background of the people living in the mentioned countries. It has been assessed that people living different cultural and geographical background often depict differences in the taste and preferences level. Therefore, NFD will also have to focus on understanding the cultural and ethical differences in a comprehensive manner. Identification of any political or legislative challenges at the time of introducing new product in the international market: As described by Coenen and Kok (2014) proper understanding of political and legislative challenges is critical at the time of introducing new product in the domestic and international market. For that reason, NFD will also have to focus on assessing the kind of rules and regulations initiated by the government of the focus countries, as it can create massive impact on the overall profit level of the organization. It is also recommended for NFD to identify the restricted drug list in the country, as it might be required for the development of health drink product. Proper assessment of the competitor strategy: As mentioned earlier, chocolate flavored health drink is still a relatively new product concept. For that reason, NFD does not have to face too much competition at the time of introducing product. Still. Proper analysis of all the potential competitors is recommended, as it will help to avoid any type of future obstacles in a comprehensive manner. Thus, NFD will have to focus on assessing the quality of the competitors products as well as initiated marketing strategy for developing counter strategies in an effective manner. Conclusion: The above evaluation has highlighted the fact that new product development is absolute key for achieving success in the market. New product development not only increases the sales volume but also allow reaching to new customer segment. Therefore, it can help businesses to achieve sustainable growth in the competitive market. The above analysis has highlighted the fact that NFD has two new product development options. However, it has selected chocolate flavored health drink, as it has the potential to create maximum impact in the market. The study has also highlighted the significance of targeting both domestic and international market at the same time for enhancing the sales volume in an effective manner. However, new product introduction come up with different challenges that organization will have to deal with in an effective way. Otherwise, the prime objective of introducing new product will not be fulfilled. To conclude, it can be mentioned that NFD has able to cover the entire bases related to new product introduction, which is likely to fulfill all the business objectives. References: Aarikka-Stenroos, L. and Sandberg, B., 2012. From new-product development to commercialization through networks.Journal of Business Research,65(2), pp.198-206. Acur, N., Kandemir, D. and Boer, H., 2012. Strategic alignment and new product development: Drivers and performance effects.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(2), pp.304-318. Cankurtaran, P., Langerak, F. and Griffin, A., 2013. Consequences of New Product Development Speed: A Meta?Analysis.Journal of Product Innovation Management,30(3), pp.465-486. Chen, J., Reilly, R.R. and Lynn, G.S., 2012. New product development speed: too much of a good thing?.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(2), pp.288-303. Coenen, M. and Kok, R.A., 2014. Workplace flexibility and new product development performance: The role of telework and flexible work schedules.European Management Journal,32(4), pp.564-576. Drechsler, W., Natter, M. and Leeflang, P.S., 2013. Improving marketing's contribution to new product development.Journal of Product Innovation Management,30(2), pp.298-315. drinkeveryday.com, 2017.EveryDay Drink. [online] Drinkeveryday.com. Available at: https://www.drinkeveryday.com [Accessed 12 Apr. 2017]. Felekoglu, B. and Moultrie, J., 2014. Top management involvement in new product development: A review and synthesis.Journal of Product Innovation Management,31(1), pp.159-175. Filieri, R., 2013. Consumer co-creation and new product development: a case study in the food industry.Marketing Intelligence Planning,31(1), pp.40-53. Haeussler, C., Patzelt, H. and Zahra, S.A., 2012. Strategic alliances and product development in high technology new firms: The moderating effect of technological capabilities.Journal of Business Venturing,27(2), pp.217-233. Jrgens, U. ed., 2013.New product development and production networks: global industrial experience. Springer Science Business Media. Patanakul, P., Chen, J. and Lynn, G.S., 2012. Autonomous teams and new product development.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(5), pp.734-750. Poetz, M.K. and Schreier, M., 2012. The value of crowdsourcing: can users really compete with professionals in generating new product ideas?.Journal of Product Innovation Management,29(2), pp.245-256. Raassens, N., Wuyts, S. and Geyskens, I., 2012. The market valuation of outsourcing new product development.Journal of Marketing Research,49(5), pp.682-695. Smals, R.G. and Smits, A.A., 2012. Value for valueThe dynamics of supplier value in collaborative new product development.Industrial Marketing Management,41(1), pp.156-165. Song, W., Ming, X. and Xu, Z., 2013. Risk evaluation of customer integration in new product development under uncertainty.Computers Industrial Engineering,65(3), pp.402-412. Thomas, E., 2013. Supplier integration in new product development: Computer mediated communication, knowledge exchange and buyer performance.Industrial Marketing Management,42(6), pp.890-899. Thrassou, A., Vrontis, D., Chebbi, H. and Yahiaoui, D., 2012. A preliminary strategic marketing framework for new product development.Journal of Transnational Management,17(1), pp.21-44. Yan, T. and Dooley, K., 2014. Buyersupplier collaboration quality in new product development projects.Journal of Supply Chain Management,50(2), pp.59-83. Yang, L.R., 2012. Implementation of project strategy to improve new product development performance.International Journal of Project Management,30(7), pp.760-770.